The Catcher in the Rye Holdens Adolescent Mentality

Holden Caulfield plays a timeless character in the sense that his way of life is common for the American teenager, in his time as well as now. Today parents dread the terrible and confusing adolescent years of their childs life. In J.D. Salingers book, The Catcher in the Rye, Holden is in this terrible and confusing point of his life. At this point in his life, as well as in modern teenagers lives, a transition occurs, from child to adult. Holden takes this change particularly rough and develops a typical mentality that prevents him from allowing himself to see or understand his purpose in life. Holden has an apparent dislike for society. He insists that [he] is surrounded by phonies (Salinger 13) and left Elkton Hills because of it.†¦show more content†¦This symbolizes him holding on to his past, not wanting things to change. As Holden meets with all of his old friends, he claims many of them to have become phonies. All of his friends have grown up, and Holden is left behin d, and still acts like a child. [Holdens] central dilemma is that he wants to retain a childs innocence (Bloom 22). As everyone around changes he just wants to stay the same, young and sheltered. Holdens hunting hat also shows symbolism of different moods and feelings he may be experiencing. First, the fact that it was a hunting hat symbolizes that he is searching for himself. And second, there is a pattern as to the way he wears he hat. When he is in a lost and depressed mood he would turn peak around to the back (Salinger 45), when he was in a good mood he would pull the peakÂ…around to the front (Salinger 34). There is no specific sequence in these changes, his hat turns with his mood. It is as if the hat is directing him and comforting him in his quest to find himself. Jane Gallagher remains a constant though out the entire novel. She represents the way of life he once followed, and the track he should be on but doesnt get back to. He never calls her because he claims he isn t in the mood (Salinger 33). This emphasizes that Holden is trying to avoid finding his purpose, his track, because the truth, like theShow MoreRelatedThe Themes of The Catcher in the Rye840 Words   |  3 Pagesnovels of the 20th century, The Catcher in the Rye has affected readers around the globe since its publication in 1951. Its contemporary critics, however, gave the novel mixed reviews. Compared to the ideals of 1950s America, Holden Caulfield, the emotionally immature, extremely judgmental, teen-aged main character of â€Å"Catcher,† embodies the antithesis. Holden was an affront to the new social order, which demanded conformity and propagated the â€Å"father knows best† mentality. Americans, however, despiteRead MoreAnalysis of A Catcher In the Ryes Holden Caulfield: Enemy of Himself1686 Words   |  7 PagesJerome David Salinger’s only novel, The Catcher in the Rye, is based on the life events shaping main character, Holden Caulfield, into the tr oubled teen that is telling the story in 1950. The theme of the story is one of emotional disconnection felt by the alienated teenagers of this time period. The quote, â€Å" I didn’t know anyone there that was splendid and clear thinking and all† (Salinger 4) sets the tone that Holden cannot find a connection with anyone around him and that he is on a lonely endeavorRead MoreAnalysis Of George Moore s The Catcher Rye 1695 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Moore For most people, the death of a relative causes a period of despair that can last a lifetime. In J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher In the Rye, an adolescent s tightly knit relationship with a family member results in a long-lasting impression on his life; Holden, a young, psychologically lost youth struggles in life after the recent death of his brother, Allie. While he was alive, Allie maintained a positive outlook, assisting Holden in retaining not only his innocence but his happinessRead MoreComparison of the Protagonists in Juno and Catcher in the Rye691 Words   |  3 Pagesprotagonists Juno and Holden of movie Juno and the book Catcher in the Rye, have main thing in common, they have not yet accepted the fact they play a role in society, communicating with the people around them, and with their families. Where they differ is in the problems they face. Junos main problem is that she becomes pregnant at a young age which is considered to be a life changing event by societal sta ndards. The main source of Holden’s problems comes from result of the death of his little brotherRead MoreComparative Study of Death of a Salesman and The Catcher in the Rye1981 Words   |  8 Pagesthere was little concern for the welfare of the minority and no apprehension that ones success could lead to the downfall of another. ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ by J.D Salinger and ‘Death of a Salesman’ by Arthur Miller are both texts that were written throughout this time of social, cultural, spiritual and economic metamorphosis. ‘The Catcher in the Rye’ through the portrayal of Holden Caulfield, explores an individual’s tumultuous tale throughout city living and teenage years of post WW2 America

The Bible And The New Testament - 1507 Words

The Bible – from Genesis to Revelation The Bible is one book that has one grand author. It was written by humans over a period of approximately 2000 years. It is comprised of 66 different books, all with one main theme, that everlasting life comes through one’s faith in God and by obeying God’s rules. This theme is the central part of all 66 books, from Genesis to Revelation. (Sostre 2015) The Bible is divided into two main sections; the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament begins with Genesis and the New Testament ends with Revelation. In order to understand the Bible, it is important to translate it into something that is easy to comprehend and understand. Because there are so many stories and different versions that are associated with the Bible, it is best to take it piece-by-piece and apply the teachings to your own life. To give a brief overview, it is important to understand the difference between the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament is the first of two major pieces of the Christian Bible. In the Old Testament, one will find the sacred writings from the Jews. (Sostre 2015)The first story of Genesis begins with God creating the heavens and earth, creatures of the earth, and man. He began with creating Adam. He did this by forming man from the dust of the earth. God did not want Adam to be alone, so he gave Adam a companion (a woman) who was formed from the rib of Adam. The woman was named Eve. God gave Adam and Eve a beautifulShow MoreRelatedThe Bible : The Testament And The New Testament 1425 Words   |  6 Pages The Bible is a collection of stories and teachings made up of two parts, the Old Testament and the New Testament, as well as the Pentateuch or the first five books of the Bible. The Pentateuch and Old Testament follow the days of creation, the stories of Moses, and all that happened before Jesus was born. The New Testament follows the life, teachings, and death of Jesus. Before the Bible was written around 3000 years ago, it was told through narratives, poetry, and songs. Much like fairytales, whichRead MoreThe New Testament Of The Bible985 Words   |  4 PagesThe Bible is the (Basic Instructions Before Leaving Earth) to all who believes and followers of Christ Jesus. The Bible is consisted of sixty-six books written by nearly forty authors. In the Old Testament there are thirty-nine books and twenty-seven in the New Testament. The New Testament is the second half of God’s truth and instructions for the believers. The canonization process for th e New Testament is easier to trace, even though some questions cannot be fully answered. The Pauline EpistlesRead MoreGood News Bible : The Testament And The New Testament1316 Words   |  6 PagesThe term â€Å"Bible† is an interesting one as it potentially encompasses many different entities. There are thousands of versions of the Bible, many arranged and presented in a variety of ways. They vary physically in content, and as I recently discovered aren t necessarily Christian. Below I delve into a rather interesting version of the book published in 1976 by HarperCollins (in conjunction with the American Bible Society). Good News Bible is a compilation of the Old Testament and the New TestamentRead MoreThe Bible : The Old And New Testaments2631 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction When it comes to themes that span the whole Bible, there are none nearly as prominent as covenant. Apart from anything else, its importance is seen in the designation we give to the two parts of the Christian Bible – the Old and New testaments, or covenants. The word itself occurs over 300 times in English translations of the Bible. Beyond the use of words, the biblical story itself can be seen as a series of covenants that God makes and renews with his people, binding him and themRead MoreNew Testament Bible Dictionary Project775 Words   |  3 PagesBOOK: Revelation This is the final book of The Bible known as Revelations and John the apostle (Author) writes descriptive symbolic language by explaining what he heard and saw (Hindson Towns, 2013). Written in AD 95 this book covers 3 literary genres: epistolary (letters), apocalyptic and prophetic. John mostly used apocalyptic writings encompassing the wide use of symbolism, visions and extreme events. Mostly referred to as â€Å"The Apocalypse†, meaning, â€Å"the unveiling† is identified by the predictionRead MoreThe King James Bible : Old And New Testament1637 Words   |  7 Pages The King James Bible (Old and New Testament) 13) The Creation of the World; the Garden of Eden; Adam and Eve; Original Sin; the Fall The beginning of the Old Testament starts by explaining how God created everything within seven days. He creates night and day, the sky and the ocean, vegetation, the stars, sun and moon, sea creatures, land creatures, and for the seventh day he rests. The Garden of Eden was the paradise where man once lived until Adam and Eve ate the forbidden fruit thus creatingRead MoreThe Book I Chose From The New Testament Is Men Of The Bible Essay780 Words   |  4 Pagesthought he was persecution the ungodly who came to realize that he was persecuting the wrong people. He was blinded and his sight was restored when he began obedient to the God of all creation. The title of the book I chose from the New Testament is Men of the Bible, the authorship Ann Spangler and Robert Wolgemuth are the authors. 2002 is the date of the books’ copywrite and it was published by Zondervan in Grand Rapids, Michigan. This book offers a one year devotional study for all those who wishRead MoreSymbolism Between C.S. Lewis ´ The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe and The New Testament in the Bible1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe symbolism between C.S. Lewis’ The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, the fourth book in The Chronicles of Narnia, and the New Testament in the Bible, particularly the account of Jesus’ death is not merely coincidental because The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe is, in fact, an allegory. An allegory is a story with morals in which characters, plots and settings are used as symbols. The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe, by C.S. Lewis is rich with Christian symbolism even though the allegoricalRead MoreHistory of the Bible Essay1727 Words   |  7 PagesCanonization of the Bible The process by which the English Bible, as it is known to the English culture today, was compiled is an extraordinary thing to see. The Bible consists of two parts: the Old Testament and the New Testament. The process by which both Testaments were written and then canonized into one book transpired over a period of many years. Once the canonization of the Bible officially came to an end, it was translated into English. Since then, many versions of the modern Bible have been madeRead MoreJewish And Christian Sacred Text1001 Words   |  5 Pagestheir opinions on sacred text. Jewish people and Christians both have sacred text; however, Christians believe that the Bible is meant to be read as a text as a whole. Christians have the Holy Bible and Jews have what is known as the Tanakh. In relation to the Christian Bible, the Tanakh is only the Old Testament, while the Holy Bible is both the Old Testament and the New Testament. This means that stories like Creation, Original Sin, and Ten Commandments are the same for both religions. While the

Corporate Downsizing Essay Paper Example For Students

Corporate Downsizing Essay Paper Organizations in every segment of business, industry, government, and education are downsizing. Downsizing is and has been a controversial phenomenon in the last few years. The controversy that surrounds downsizing may be better described as a debate in organizational theory about whether change is adaptive or disruptive. The issues which establish the outcome of the controversy include why the downsizing is taking affect, how it is implemented, and what steps are taken to enhance its effects on organizational performance. The reasons for corporate downsizing are presented in many forms. Some companies downsize due to technological changes such as automation, which brings about the need for a reduction in the production workforce. Others may feel that competitiveness with other companies warrants the need for a reduction in the workforce. Financial setbacks due to customer demand, market shares, and loss of revenue could also initiate the need for downsizing. When will it end? Expert s say it wont. For instance, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was established as a universal trade agreement between the US, Cannada, and Mexico to allow free imports and exports.It was also established with the intent to help poor countries, like Mexico, export their products for economic reasons. In my opinion, it has strongly contributed to Americas massive downsizing phenomenon. Companies that have experienced financial setbacks and losses seem to relish the idea that they can downsize the workforce here in the states, move operations into places like Mexico, hire cheap labor, and export their product back to the states, while making bigger profits. The sad part about this is that it is true, and NAFTA is largely responsible for this type of downsizing. Is this ethical? That remains to be seen. The truth is that unless an organization was designed expressly for the purpose, it is not in business to provide employment. Jobs are the by-product of successful organizational endeavors, not If the decision to downsize is a response to competitive pressures, it will appear impatient or premature to those who must leave. If it is perceived as anything less than a well developed strategic response to demands on the organization, then it fails to show employees need for the criteria. Downsizing can sometimes seem to be about creating victims and displacing blame rather than accepting responsibility and choosing moral and ethical ways to implement the outcome. Management wants a quick cut that protects he companys assets, yet it wants to be gentle and compassionate to those who are let go. These two objectives are self-canceling, and to accomplish the first requires considerable compromise on the second. Many companies wait until the day of the lay-off to inform its employees. They are concerned about sabotage and productivity. They seem to think that if they retain the bad news until the last moment that the employees will leave and the rest will get back to business. However, this method of a lay-off is the least favorable for the employees. If the company gives the employees notice of the cutback in the workforce, they will have time to plan for the financial problems, look for other work, and make other necessary arrangements to prepare them for the loss. It would be in the best interest of the company to give this notice to its workers. Being a survivor of downsizing can have its own ethical issues. Those who are left after the downsizing has occurred, may share perceptions about the ethics of the decisions leading up to the dismissal of those who left. They may experience feelings such as anger, guilt, fear, and even depression. These feelings could be brought on by having to take up the slack and doing more work. They could also be asked to learn new tasks and for the same or maybe even less money than before the downsizing. Asking people to do more for less money can seem unfair. In my opinion, companies and organizations sometimes put too much pressure on surviving employees. This can cause the decision-makers to seem insensitive to the reality that employees are people with full lives and responsibility outside the workplace. Call it outsourcing with a heart. DuPont on December 11, tentatively agreed to outsource its computer and telecommunications operations, but it will do so without cutting jobs. Instead, some 3,100 DuPont staffers will be given the chance to switch employers with 2,600 spots slated for Computer Sciences Corp. and 500 for Andersen Consulting. An additional 1,100 information technology staffers are expected to stay with DuPont. The outsourcing pact is one of the biggest ever. It will be worth more than $4 billion over 10 years, with CSC taking the lions share. CSC will handle DuPonts global mainframe, mid-range, and PC hardware needs, and worldwide telecom network, while Andersen takes care of software applications. The parties have signed a letter of intent and are now hammering out the final terms.The flip-side to downsizing could be a more positive result or experience. When companies have their employees economic survival at heart when planning their downsizing tactics, an adaptive approach as well as a positive outcome can be expected. Most managers seem to understand the hard side of downsizing such as the cost of inventory, shipping, severance packages, and plant capacities. Im sure DuPont considered all of these issues. However, they took the issues one step further and considered the softer issues such as morale, loyalty, and the role of the corporate environment on employee motivation and produ ctivity. These issues should be addressed to keep a downsized company alive and well. As history would have it, more companies suffer from downsizing rather than prosper. Why is this the case? Most companies or organizations fail to focus on the entire picture. For instance, they see the need for cutbacks in money and finance, yet they often pay more attention to the people they let go than the ones they keep. They may provide the laid-off workers with outplacement counseling, resume writing assistance, and other sources for potential job leads. Some companies even extend their health benefits, offer early retirement incentives, and often give severance packages. But, wheres the generosity for those who remain to do the work? The blow of staying with a company that has downsized needs to be softened too. Employees often feel threatened that their own jobs may be in jeopardy, they may have a growing mistrust of the company, and they have little understanding of what management is doi ng or what their role will be in the companys future. Managers must pay attention to the survivors too. Beowulf the hero EssayAs we look at the reasons for downsizing, it is easy to justify the needs from an organizational and business point of view. When considering the needs of employees and the affects of downsizing on them, the picture looks very different. While a company has to do what is necessary to stay alive in the competitive world of business, it also has a moral obligation to its employees and the community. Whether or not it chooses to consider the needs of its employees and the community during a downsizing phase will greatly affect the outcome of the process and alter the benefits of the lay-off. While the companys profits are its main concern, it must be careful of the way it implements the downsizing in order for the outcome to be adaptive and positive. If the profitability is the only criteria for downsizing and the company has disgruntled and non-focused employees, the outcome of the downsizing will apparently be disruptive, causing low morale in the workforce, wh ich breeds lower productivity. If the employees can see the efforts of the company to exhaust all other possibilities before the lay-off and consider the needs and feelings of the employee and the affects on the community, they may be able to look upon the company with trust and security. A developed plan or focus for their future may allow survivors of the downsizing to adapt to the change in a more positive manner. Involvement by the Human Resource department should ease the pain of those affected by the lay-off. Counseling, job placement programs, and benefit options are all concerns for the laid-off employee. It is the responsibility of the HR department to ease the pain and keep the lines of communication open between the employee and management. Management is responsible for the decisions, but the HR department should insure that the management follows all moral and legal obligations to the employee. In order for this new change in American business to be adaptive, complete an d thorough plans should be carried out in the process of downsizing in order for the company and employee alike to accept new ideas and focus on the new direction brought about by the change. Survivors of the downsize process must have confidence in the companys honesty and its ability to secure their jobs. They must outline a strategic plan to keep morale and productivity on an upward trend.Bibliography:Big payoffs from layoffs. Business Week, G.Koretz p.30 Feb. 24 1997. Downs, Alan; Corporate Executions. AMACON, 135 West ST. New York, N.Y. 1995Downsizing is Bad for Business. USA Today,J.ChallengerVol. 125, p66-68. Jan.1997Learn From My Mistakes. Money, Apr. 1995, p.15Meyer, C.J.; Executive Blues, Down and Out In CorporateAmerica. Franklin Square Press, 666 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 1995Negbenebor, Willis; Principles of Economics. CT Publishing Company, Redding Calif. 1996. North American Free Trade Agreement. Vol.1, US GovernmentPrinting Office, 192-330-817/70635, 1995. Online News Flash. Business Week; Dec. 11,1996Seeking A Payoff. J Freedman, Business Week p. 100Jan. 8, 1990. The Casualties of Downsizing, B.B. Auster. US News AndWorld Report. Vol.118,p.31, Jan. 9,1995. The Ethics of Downsizing. Navron Associates NewsletterApr.95. Who Says Job Anxiety Is Easing? A. Bernstein, Busniss Week p.38, Apr.7,1997.

Causes and Effects of Overpopulation Essay Example

Causes and Effects of Overpopulation Paper The most effective tools in the con-q quest of disease have been improved knowledge about nutrition, vaccinations, bet-term public health practices and the development of new medicines 17 In the late ass, a baby born in Iceland was 32 times more likely to live to the age of one year as a baby born in Afghanistan. 8 The major reason for this large differ-once in survival rate is nutrition. In many nations the people know about proper nutrition for young children and adults. The second most important factor is vaccinations. As far back as 1800, science-tests knew how to use vaccines to protect people from infectious disease. Use of that knowledge has reduced the rate of diseases like influenza, smallpox, polio and rubella in Meds. Again, lack of resources has prevented many Third, better public health practices– the germ theory of disease, discovered by Louis Pasteur in the sass clearly demonstrated that a arson’s health was also a community problem. Sewage dumped into a public water supply could cause dish-ease throughout the community. With this understanding, the science of public health was born. Today, public health measures like waste treatment, water purify-action, vaccination, and nutritional education are well developed in Meds And finally, with the advent of new medicines, disease was less of a problem in Meds because medical science has invented a whole range of new medicines with which to treat everything from infections to pneumonia. We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Effects of Overpopulation specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Effects of Overpopulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Causes and Effects of Overpopulation specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In many Lads, new drugs and medicines are simply not available. 2 Progress in medical science has, therefore, had a great effect on the population of most nations of the world. Nearly everywhere death rates have fallen. Rapid population growth can affect both the overall quality of life and the degree of huh-man suffering on Earth. 31 Decline in the Death Rate: Reduced mortality rate is one of the leading causes of overpopulation. Due to medical advancements, many of the once incurable diseases have cures today. Owing to advances in both preventive and curative medicine, diseases have either been eradicated or have more effective treatments now. There are effective ways to control epidemics and there are better measures to treat critical health ailments, thus leading to a drop in death rates. Developments in medicine have led to reduced mortality and increase in the average life expectancy of humans. Infant mortality rates are very low and cases of deaths during childbirth are less frequent. Good prenatal care has improved the chances of survival for both the mother and the baby. Rise in the Birth Rate: Once again owing to advances in medicine, the average birth rate has gone up. Due to various fertility treatments available today, there are effective solutions to infertility problems, which increases chances of conception. Due to modern medicine, pregnancies are safer. In case of inception after a fertility treatment, there are chances of a multiple pregnancy, further contributing to increasing birth rates. In addition to this, there is a social pressure to have children. Lack of Education: Illiteracy is another important factor that contributes to overpopulation. Those lacking education fail to understand the need to curb population growth. Modern methods of birth control and family planning don’t reach the illiterate sections Of society. Furthermore, due to lack of awareness there is resistance in adopting such methods. The illiterate are unable to understand what impact overpopulation can have. The educated class can make more responsible decisions about marriage and childbirth. Thus education is an effective tool to curb overpopulation. Cultural Influences: The concept of birth control is not widely accepted. Adopting birth control measures is considered taboo in certain cultures. Some cultures foster beliefs where marrying at a certain age or having a certain number of children is considered to be ideal. In some cultures male children are preferred. This indirectly forces couples to produce children till a child of the preferred gender is conceived. Plus, there is a pressure from the Emily and society to have children. Social norms influence decisions of starting and extending one’s family. In cultures where a woman’s role is considered to be that of a child-bearer, large families become the norm. By Manila Oak (7/1 1/2012) – Effects of Overpopulation:Water and Air Pollution Water and air pollution continue to affect the lives of many Americans. Since the creation of the Clean Water and Clean Air Acts, significant improvements have been made to our overall water and air quality, but studies show the problem still persists at harmful levels. Beginning in the sass, pollution increased to levels comparable to those found in the 1 sass. The following information will show evidence Of this scenario-Despite our best efforts, pollution remains a major threat to our general health and well-being. Conceptualization growth will only make these conditions worse. Water Pollution America’s Troubled Waters, a report by US Public Interest Research Groups (U.S. PRIG), cites the following statistics regarding the state of America’s waterways: Approximately 39 % of our rivers, 46% of our lakes, and 51% of our estuaries are still too polluted for safe fishing or swimming. Pollution caused early 20,000 beach closings in 2004, the highest level in 15 years. In 2004, 31 states had statewide fish consumption advisories in place because of toxic pollution. The Pea’s Waddle Streams Assessment finds that 42% of all U. S. Stream miles are in poor condition. Marathon half of those found in the eastern portion of the U. S. And 40% of those in the central region are considered to be in poor condition. According to American Rivers and the website healthiness. Org: Eighty percent of streams contain insecticides, drugs, or other chemicals. During 2002 and 2003, in just Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota and Missouri, pollution in rivers and streams killed 3. 5 million fish. The number of miles Of rivers containing fish that may be harmful to your health due to pollution, increased from 2% to 14% from 1993 to 2001. Waterborne germs and parasites cause an estimated 7. Million mild-to- moderate cases of infectious disease in the U. S. Annually. Every year more than 1. 2 trillion gallons of untreated sewage, storm water and industrial waste are discharged into U. S. Waters. The EPA warns that sewage levels in our rivers could be back to sass levels by the year 2016 Air Pollution The Environmental Defense Fund reports that 80% of the cancer risks from air pollutants nationwide is from mobile transportation sources. As our cities and suburbs continue to grow at record pace, pollution emitted by commuters will only grow worse. About 70 percent of the heavy construction equipment used in California in 2005 was old enough not to have to face any emission control regulations, according to the union of Concerned Scientists. According to the air pollution program of Clear the Air, a collective of grassroots and environmental organizations dedicated to combating global arming: Electricity generation is our nation’s largest source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The Clean Air Act and other environmental measures have not succeeded in lowering power plant pollution. EPA and other studies have shown that far greater reductions are needed to meaningfully reduce the public health and environmental damage caused by ASS emissions from power plants. Fine particle pollution results in the premature deaths of more than 45,000 people in the U. S. Each year. Plagued by Pollution, a report by US PRIG, cites the following statistics regarding the State Of America’s air: While our air quality has improved in the U. S. Since the inception of the Clean Air Act of 1970, more than 88 million Americans still live in areas with unsafe levels of fine particle pollution. In 2004, fine particle pollution exceeded the annual and/or daily national health standard at air quality monitors in 55 small, mid-sized, and large metropolitan areas located in 21 states and home to 96 million people. Negative Population Growth â €“ GNP – is a national membership organization founded in 1 972 to educate the American public and political leaders about he detrimental effects of overpopulation on our environment, resources and quality of life. NP advocates a smaller and truly sustainable united States population accomplished through voluntary incentives for smaller families and reduced immigration levels. We are pleased to provide to you this fact sheet as part of our Effects of Overpopulation educational series. We sincerely hope you will use this information in your classroom in order to educate your students regarding the detrimental effects of an overpopulated nation. We also welcome your feedback on how to make this series more effective in reaching today’s youth OVERPOPULATION Overpopulation is a term that refers to a condition by which the population density enlarges to a limit that provokes the environmental deterioration, a remarkable decline in the quality of life, or a population co llapse. The term population density denotes the number of inhabitants dwelling in a specific area, for example: 100 inhabitants per square Kilometer. The impact of human populations on the environment has been severe. Some animal species have been extinguished or forced to live in inhospitable regions by the advance of urban areas; pollution is a problem that is increasing gradually because we are using more cars. Emerging countries industrialization is not paying attention to environmental issues because of the feeding demands of their ever-growing populations. The human overpopulation has been credited to diverse factors, as the increment in life-span, the absence of natural enemies, the improvement in the quality of life, and the accessibility to get better goods. Every year, more than 81 million people add the world-wide population. Every 10 years almost one billion inhabitants are added to the world’s population. CURRENT EFFECTS OF OVERPOPULATION Due to the opening out o f human settings, 1 6 million hectares of forest are chopped down each year. The accelerated growth of the human populations has propitiated the destruction of natural habitats of many species. People are invading the habitats of those species, replacing them to inhospitable places and condemning the native species to the extinction. The speed of extinction of plants and animals attributable to human activities is 1 0,000 times faster than the natural quotient. About 5 million people die every year from illnesses associated to organic wastes. Too dense human communities produce tons of solid wastes (organic and inorganic waste) daily, consume large quantities of energy and emit more pollutants to the environment. Water necessities will increase to by 2025. Approximately, one half Of wetlands around the world have been lost since 1900. In LISA, consumption of materials (wood, metals, synthetics, etc. ) has grown 18-fold since 1900. The Ozone layer has been gradually ruined by the eff ect of the CIFS. The concentration of CIFS has been increased as the human population has grown, and the thickness of the Ozone layer has been lesser to the extent that a hole in the layer has been formed. Scientists have found that there are there emissions derived from human activities, which have contributed to the depletion Of the ozone layer. Inhale, Nanas. (2003). Overpopulation. Published on 10 November 2003 by Biology Cabinet Organization. Http://Boca. Org/overpopulation. HTML. Last visit on (day) (month) (year). Retrieved from http://www. Boca. Org/ overpopulation. HTML Effects of overpopulation Food Shortage The more people there are, the greater amount Of food is needed. If there is not enough food to feed people in a specific place, then there is food shortage in that place. When people do not get enough food, their health is effected. People become undernourished when they do not have enough food to eat. Undernourished children are more likely to get sick. Water Shortag e When population increases, the demand for water also increases. Farmers need more water to irrigate their fields so that they can produce more crops. Factories need more water to use in manufacturing more goods. More households need more water for drinking, cooking, washing clothes, personal hygiene and many other activities. Water shortage is evident when people have to walk a long way to get water, or when they have to queue up to get it. Many people do not have access to potable water. They get their water from springs, rivers, wells and rain. The quality fatter that people get may be poor. Water shortage in a community can bring about problems related to sanitation and health. Limited Space The population of a place increases in just a short time. However, the space in a place remains the same. When the houses in a neighborhood are overcrowded, it shows that the population in the area is too big. This is a common sight in a city. Many poor people build shanties along creeks, i n dumpiest or along railroads. More than one family may share a shanty. Overpopulation in a community can limit space for housing. Health Problems Food shortage, overcrowding poor water supply and environmental pollution affect the health of the people, particularly the children. Poor environmental sanitation is a major cause of diseases such as diarrhea, typhoid and cholera. Dirty insects such as flies and cockroaches contaminate food with disease- causing germs. Many children who play barefoot in dirty areas and do not wash their hands before eating become infected with worms. Some respiratory’ diseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia and bronchitis are worsened by polluted air.

The American Dream Essay

The American Dream Essay Free Online Research Papers What is the American Dream? There has always been a dream in the hearts of man that the American Dream is the one goal in life that all must pursue in order to achieve something in their lives. Although the American dream has always been present, the one time that the American dream had its time of reward to the American people was after the Great War, during the 1920’s. Known as the Jazz Age, this time period was a social, psychological, and material flourishing of the American people that has been classified as a time of immense opportunity. The Jazz Age was important to the American dream because it shows the different aspects of the exact rewards and consequences of following it. During this time of cultural prosperity, many novels had portrayed American society as a lost Eden, the land that has lost its identity from the degradation of human values. The myriad of works being published during that time period depicts the downfall of the American hero. In the novel, The Great Gatsby, a man, Jay Gatsb y, attempts to pursue the dream for of a perfect life, but his goals eventually backfire upon himself. In the work, A Raisin in the Sun, a world of seemingly endless opportunity is seen from the perspective of an African American family. In Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms, a disillusioned man tries to escape the odds against him in war by running away but still loses everything. Although the American dream defines America as a â€Å"New Eden† of ever-expanding opportunity, the seemingly self-reliant individual will become disillusioned to the fallacies of America and come to the truth that its dream is neither true nor attainable despite the efforts of the individual. While many believe that America is a land of purity, the wastelands that the uninhibited pursuit of material wealth elucidates that the effects of the American lifestyle are not boundless but only hidden. The affluent lifestyles of the Jazz Age initiated a decline in morals and the disruption of society. The lifestyles made the impression that a living could be made instantly and anyone with a vague want for success could fulfill all of their desires. Gatsby, an outcast exploited by society, follows such a dream, but falls from grace into a common quagmire, thus preventing him from achieving his American Dream. The society, in its hunger for success in the form of the American dream, took what Gatsby had to offer it in the form of numerous parties but gave nothing in return when he was in need and in fact condemned him as a scapegoat when a murder had been committed. In the novel, Gatsby’s personality and desire â€Å"turned out all right at the end†¦ it is what preyed o n Gatsby†¦ [,]what foul dust floated in the wake of his dreams† that killed off his dreams, passions, and goals (Fitzgerald 6). In the novel, an important symbol is the ash heap, which represents the sins of humanity and the faà §ade of the American dream. The ash heap represents the unintended consequences of the unrestricted lifestyle of the American dream. The purity of the American native land was at first pristine and full of potential. However, the lifestyle of abusing the land for individual ends corrupted the opportunities that the â€Å"old island here that flowered once for Dutch sailor’s eyes- a fresh, green beast of the new world [‘s] vanished trees that had made way for Gatsby’s house† was destroyed for the riches of the American Dream (189). The Dutch Sailor’s were people who had seen America as full of potential and became the aboriginal settlers that cultivated the vast opportunities that America had to offer. Jay Gatsby was a man that did not have the realization of his dream. He was so stuck in the past that he did not realize that the people around him were not going to comply with his rules. He wanted so much from everyone and thought that he controlled every aspect of his life. As he fought on for the attention of Daisy Buchanan, his lost fiancà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and the last key to his American Dream, he never realized that he was going to die before he could reach his fullest potential. The sin of society prevented him from achieving what he truly had aspired to do. As Nick Carraway, the narrator, states, â€Å"we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past†(Fitzgerald 189). Fitzgerald’s cynical view of the status of things shows that no matter how hard someone tries to achieve the American Dream, there will always be obstacles to the dream that will cause them to be pushed back to where they had begun. The idea of a perfect American Dream will undoubtedly cause one to end in disaster. Without the disillusionment of reality, one who pursues this dream of the perfect life will not progress in life because of the innumerous odds against one. The American Dream is a solution to the individual’s problems as it is based on the actions of the individual, but even if the individual does all that he or she can to accomplish it. There are innumerable odds that go against the will of any specific person that there are absolutely no chances for someone to achieve the American Dream. In the novel, A Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway, a man named Frederic Henry attempts to receive the glory of the war, but is eventually disillusioned to the war and tries to run away and escape the perils of preordained death of a soldier. He gives up and tries to make a new life with a girl named Catharine Barkley. She was the connection and the anesthesia for him to forget the war. However, he does not make out of the war without a scratch. He ends up losing both his son and Catharine to a failed childbirth. This shows that the American dream is impossible to attain because the entire world is against the individual in any of his or her goals. Hemingway’s philosophy is that one must be of much bravado and strength in order to survive in this world. Although, he believes that there are no ways that someone can succeed because they will either die or die fighting. The hopelessness of Hemingway is characterized by the words of Ferguson who gives the advice that Henry would â€Å"never get married†¦ [And that] You’ll die before you’ll marry†¦ Fight or die. That’s what people do. They don’t marry†, which is a pessimistic view of a woman who does not approve of the relationship between Henry and Catherine (Hemingway 108). This foreshadowing is correct as they do not marry, but he does not fight as he tries to evade this prophecy. He runs away but Catherine has taken his place and left him alone anyway. Either way, he will lose everything that he had worked for. This shows that the American dream really is not attainable. There are so many odds that against someone tha t they will end up with the short end of the stick either way they choose. In the war, the soldiers become very pessimistic about the war. They start to doubt the world that they live in, and they become frustrated at why the war won’t ever end. One soldier, named Passini, muses that war â€Å" doesn’t finish There is no finish to war. . War is not won by victory†¦ One side must stop fighting†, but there are always people fighting because if they stop, the other side would kill the survivors (Hemingway 50-51). This shows that society is always against the individual when he or she tries to commit to something. The war illustrates what people will become when they are exposed to a world in which the only goal is to stay alive. However, the true goal is to push everyone else down to stay alive. Therefore, a life with the American Dream is not possible because there will always be those that do not care for equality and make the dream impossible for anyone in cluding those at the top. As we fight each other in a war, the entire purpose of life is nullified to becoming pointless. The entire American Dream is stated in the novel of Hemingway as a moral that people can try to escape but they will always be beaten down. The novel shows how the American dream is not only unattainable but is also unavoidable because there are no other choices besides fighting and dying. When people believe that America is a land of opportunity to start anew and begin a life that will automatically bear fruit from simple schemes and tricks, rather than work hard and try go stay alive, their pursuance of their fictitious dreams usually end up in disaster and the only remedy to alleviate these circumstances is to stop following the American dream and start without any remnants from the past life. While Henry brought along his love to start anew, he lost that because it was from the war. In A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, an African American family tries to make a living despite the constant pressures and concerns over money. After the money is lost in a gamble, the family makes a downward spiral into the collapse of moral values. The greatest change comes from the man, Walter Lee, the father of the African American family, as he finally embarks on a journey from being a self-hated man who did not have a good job to the full acceptance of his role as the fath er and leader of the family. The greatest moment of truth that occurs in the movie is the time that Walter Lee rejects the offer of money to ruin his family. Earlier, he would have accepted the offer; however, at this time Walter Lee became a man and did not care for money as much as he did before. He believes in the instant wealth dream. He desires to invest in a liquor store, which is reminiscent of the 20’s in which men had bootlegged for extremely large sums of money. The help that he receives that makes him change his ways as the scolding of his mother who states â€Å"freedom used to be life† after he ignorantly replies â€Å"it was always money†¦ We just didn’t know it† but as he says this, he learns that he is at a crossroads between his morals and the things that he has learned about the modern world (Hansberry I.i.73). However, when he loses the money to a thief who he entrusted his savings to, he learns that acceptance of one’s posi tion is more important than receiving monetary compensation. He stops his ways and changes into a better man. The man here changes from avoiding the American Dream. He only escaped the continued wrath of the American dream because he had given it up for a simpler life with his family. However, when he stopped trying to take for himself the limited resources of the family and becomes obsessed with material wealth and money, he lets go of the personal values of respect to his family that he was taught by his mother. The belief that there is an unlimited amount of opportunity in this world will lead someone to give up anything to get at the prize because the rewards would hypothetically save him or her from losing everything. The fear of not attaining the American dream causes him to make rash judgments. By however, as insidious as the world is, people will get swindled for their belief in the perfect life and will end up by losing their hard earned savings rather than working hard to make a living for those around them. However, he is wrong when the dreams are already dead. Walter does not consider the hope of Beneatha to save the family when he uses the money in a selfish way. Beneatha cries out after a Walter’s mistake â€Å"we are all dead now†¦dreams and sunlight [is] all dead now† (Hansberry I.i.143). This shows that there were dreams already. However, the American dream of Walter changed those of the entire family. The hopeful dreams of Beneatha show that there is still hope for the family. The greed of the American Dream causes Walter to stray from the path; potentially ruining the family and setting the family back a generation of savings. The family changed back to the original dream before there could be much more damage done from the pursuit of the fake American Dream. As Gatsby did, Walter was trying to go into the liquor business. As a bootlegger, Gatsby achieved much wealth in a short amount of time. However, as quickly as he had attained the money, he had lost it. . However, the society that he rose out of made him go back to where he had started in the first place. In order to make any progress at all, Walter and Gatsby should have ignored the American Dream in order to save their money rather than make schemes to make it fast. When someone becomes disillusioned to the materialistic desire of the American Dream, he or she will be able to accept his or her own place in this society more. Thus, there is still hope in the fact that there are other dreams that do not pertain to the preconceived notions that create the American dream. Without the thinking that America is perfect and that there are no risks and consequences to the unrestricted life of desire and going against a world that will crush all those that try to go against accepted morals and societal values. The American Dream is a dream that many people believed in and still do. However, when they become disillusioned, they realize what kind of mistake they have been making. The mistakes are to believe that the three false factors that constitute the American Dream: The belief that America is a â€Å"New Eden† that is pure and has unlimited resources, that progress is important and the opportunities available in America are endless, and that individual self-reliant individual can achieve success without considering the truth of a corrupt and failing society. Thus, the reality of a bold new future will awaken to those who understand the workings of America. They wish to take on the power of heroes, but in reality they are nothing to the immeasurable forces, which act against them. The belief that America is a land of heroes is false. There are no perfect dreams. Just as people try to achieve the most and become the greatest success they can possibly be, the American Dream is impos sible to achieve. Just as Gatsby had tried to accomplish, people will attempt to force their way to the top but as they do, people already at the top would push them back down for fear of losing the money they had already gained. The immeasurable odds are against the individual and the pursuit of the American dream is pointless and will only end up either in death or destruction from fighting it. The only way to live a prosperous life is to accept the life that one has and not risk themselves for a fake dream that applies to none whom pursue it. 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Salon Business Management (Beauty Therapy) Examine and assess the Essay

Salon Business Management (Beauty Therapy) Examine and assess the properties, uses, benefits and potential results of using preservatives in the modern salon environment - Essay Example More importantly, the use of preservatives within the salon environment is meant to protect customers from potential negative reactions of cosmetic products on their skin or hair. Depending on the properties of cosmetic preservatives, they may irritate the skin, cause allergic reactions or carcinogenic effects. This means that effective salon business management practices should be focused at ensuring that the preservatives used in the salon are safe to the consumers (Draelos, 2005, p. 58). This paper presents an analytical discussion of various preservative products that are used within the salon environment with a view of illustrating their properties and uses in skin and hair care. The paper also describes the benefits of these preservatives in salon services and the implications of using them within the contemporary salon environment. Antioxidants are common preservatives for cosmetic products, which are commonly used in contemporary salon environments for their effective protective properties. Antioxidants act by inhibiting the oxidation of microorganisms and other molecules (Gray & Gummer, 2000, p. 124). The antioxidant properties of these preservatives make them suitable for protecting hair and skin care products from contamination with microbes. However, the level of protection that is achieved by antioxidants is relatively minimal, when compared to other preservatives. The antioxidant preservatives are commonly used within modern salons, with a goal of preventing rancidity in skin and hair care oils. The contamination of all oil based hair and skin care formulations is prevented when antioxidants are used as preservatives (Antczak & Antczak, 2001, p. 98). Pynogenol is an example of antioxidant that is used within salon environments. This antioxidant is used to strengthen collagen in hair and skin and blood v essels. This preservative is therefore used as an anti-aging agent (Michalun & Michalun, 1994). The use of antioxidants within modern

Essay about the play Our town Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

About the play Our town - Essay Example The play delivers useful life lessons relevant to any generation. simple life of the people in the town with the milkman and the newspaper boy delivering milk packets and paper. The town people spend their time eating their meals, working in town, doing household chores, gardening, gossiping, going to school, attending choir practice and gazing at the moon light. The play also introduces another character called Simon Stimson, a church organist who is mostly drunk and looks troubled. Others could only feel sorry for the man but couldn’t help him out of his situation. The first part of the play gets over with Rebecca chatting with her brother George. The second act begins with the marriage proposal between George and Emily. The Stage manager explains how their romance bloomed 3 years before when George was the captain of base ball and Emily was elected student body treasurer and secretary and how both would meet after school at the soda shop and how one day they revealed their love for each other. The Final act happens in a cemetery 9 years after Emily and George’s marriage where a dozen people sit on the chairs arranged in rows. They are all dead people of the town. Among the dead are civil war veterans who fought to keep the United States united. Also among the dead are Mrs. Gibbs who died while visiting her daughter, Wally Webb who died of appendix while being young, and Simon Stimson who hanged himself because of worldly troubles. The act then displays a funeral procession of Emily Webb who died while giving birth to her second child. The spirit of Emily walks away from the living and joins the dead and sits next to Mrs. Gibbs. They talk about how people live their lives grieving about their troubles. The dead are no longer emotionally connected to their feelings of love or hatred, joy or sorrow. They seem to be looking into the future waiting for the